Vaginal cancer is rare, with 2,000 new cases diagnosed in the United States each year. Along with cervix and vulvar cancers, the most common cause of vaginal cancer is the Human Papillomavirus Virus (HPV). Charles Levenback, M.D., and Anuja Jhingran, M.D., both professors in the Department of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discuss the basics, diagnoses, and treatment for vaginal cancer.